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Research Article | Open Access
Volume 13 2021 | None
Mapping the Changing Pattern of Non-communicable Diseases Prevalence: a Global Perspective
Asish Dhara, Biplab Biswas
Pages: 3512-3527
Abstract
Public health is one of the major global concerns which have also been focused in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as third goal, named ‘good health and well-being’; basically adopted by the United Nations Member States in 2015, where non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were considered as emerging challenge globally (UNDP, 2015). Non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer and diabetes are the leading cause of premature mortality which collectively responsible for almost 71% of all deaths worldwide (WHO, 2018). A number of behavioural and metabolic risk factors including smoking, alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension and abnormal blood lipid levels are found to be associated with NCDs and other negative health outcomes (Russell et al. 2019; Buttar, HS et al. 2005; and Sofi, F et al. 2006). Socio-demographic factors like age, gender and education have a significant contribution to NCDs (Phaswana-Mafuya, N et al. 2013). To deal with this burden of NCDs mortality, the World Health Organization has taken a systematic surveillance approach named ‘STEPS’ that helps to determine the prevalence status of NCDs and associated risk factors as well as magnitude of vulnerability of people to be affected by NCDs, through using a protocol that holds three steps such as- step-1: self-reported questionnaire, step-2: physical measurements and step-3: biochemical tests (WHO, 2003). Among all the global countries, 122 countries have already completed data collection using STEPS survey where 112 countries have used all the three steps and 10 countries have used only step-1 and step-2 (Riley, L et al. 2016). The present study includes all the global countries to portray the prevalence status of NCDs based on their level of development.
Keywords
Public health is one of the major global concerns which have also been focused in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as third goal, named ‘good health and well-being’;
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