Early childhood caries (ECC) is a virulent form of caries occurring in children under 71 months of age, develops on smooth surfaces, and progresses rapidly. It is a serious public health issue in both the developing and industrialized countries, especially where malnutrition is common in the communities. In extreme cases, ECC can result into a complete loss of the crown/tooth structure. It affects the dentition immediately after the eruption of teeth within the oral cavity. It causes early tooth loss, loss of vertical dimension, tongue thrusting, reduced masticatory efficiency, malocclusion, space loss, speech problems, and psychological problems in a child. This review of literature focuses on the etiology, risk factors, preventive strategies and management of ECC.

ECC, Early Childhood Caries, Risk factors, Nursing caries