Different viewpoints on the genesis of regional political parties in various political systems exist. Sociostructural characteristics and organizational and institutional aspect are the two basic points of view. Lipset and Rokkan introduced the social cleavages hypothesis in the context of the development of the European Party System. Additionally, it offered the fundamental framework for analysing party systems and election behavior globally. But there have been questions raised about the theory in relation to developing and poor nations. The social cleavages theory, however, was unable to account for the Membership for neighbourhood and tribal groups may fluctuate quickly. societal fractures remain constant, in comparison to the basis of support for regional political groups. The theory's main problem is that socioeconomic disparities, which are much more predictable as time goes on, cannot be used to explain extremely short fluctuations in favour for rural and regionalist movements. A different issue what this domain of study usually under-explains is the reason why and how political figures and groups decide the divide that is emphasised.

National Political parties, state political parties, divison of powers, role of government