Background: Unexplained iron-deficiency anemia without gastro-intestinal symptoms is a well- recognized presentation of celiac disease (CD).The present study was conducted to assess celiac disease in children with iron-deficiencyanemia. Materials & Methods:85 children age ranged 1 to 12 years of age with iron deficiency anemiaof both genders were enrolled. Children with anemia were classified in group I and children without anemia in group II (control healthy). Serum IgA-tissue trans-glutaminase levels were assessed in both groups. Results: There were 35 boys and 45 girls in group I and 20 boys and 25 girls in group II. The mean weight for age z score was -1.07 and -0.92, height for age z score was -1.47 and -1.15, weight for height z score was -0.46 and -0.13 and midarm circumference was 15.4 cm and 16.8 cm in group I and II respectively. The mean hemoglobin(g/dL) was 7.2 and 8.9, RBC (106 /mm3) was 4.0 and 4.4, Hct (%) was 24.3 and 27.5, MCV (fL) was 59.0 and 61.3, MCH (pg) was 17.5 and 19.2, MCHC (%) was 29.9 and 29.1, RDW (%) was 20.4 and 20.9, iron (mg/dL) was 13.2 and 17.4, TIBC (mg/dL) was 442.6 and 426.8 and ferritin (ng/mL) was 2.1 and 5.3. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Anemic childrenhave significantly higherlikelihood of having Celiac Disease

Anemia,Children, Celiac Disease